9 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... CNS ○ Infected cells ... • Depressive symptoms ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... #algorithm
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Infection - Viral (HIV ... : • Triad of symptoms ... urine • Other symptoms ... kidney tubular cells
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis: >3 symptoms ... initiation • Differential ... • Steroids: IV
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... conditions listed in differential ... motor neurons - IV ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... Presentation: Systemic Symptoms ... affects the skin, neurologic ... • Progressive symptoms ... cognitive impairment, neurologic
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
apical membrane of cells ... Muscle weakness, dizziness ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
monophasic Pathophysiology ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... simplex virus, HIV ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential