17 results
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms
Anaphylaxis: when any egg of three conditions is met:
1. Acute onset of skin/mucosal
Anaphylaxis: Signs ... phase symptoms Signs ... #Anaphylaxis #pathophysiology ... #immunology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Dysplasias • (e.g ... Endrocrine • Cushing's ... Metabolism Error • Immunologic ... • CNS Tumors (e.g ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Anaphylaxis: Pathogenesis
Anaphylaxis is a Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
While the primary mechanism of anaphylaxis is mast cell
Lipid mediators (e.g ... Other mediators (e.g ... of inflammatory cells ... #Anaphylaxis #pathophysiology ... #immunology
A Lewis Lead (also called the S5 lead) is a modified ECG lead used to detect
is a modified ECG ... clinically, based on signs ... standard 12 lead ECG ... Lead I on the ECG ... #Cardiology #EKG
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Cushing's Syndrome ... exposed tothe sun (e.g ... abdominal CT, pelvis ... Hypercortisolism #Diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
Signs of immunodeficiency ... humoral immunity Signs ... bacterial infections (e.g ... Agammaglobulinemia #XLinked #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
excess secretion of hCG ... Signs/Symptoms: ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... tissue expansion (e.g ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
Ag-presenting cells ... or plasma cells ... storage sites (e.g ... Humoral #Immunity #pathophysiology ... #immunology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
risk factors (eg ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hypercalcemia, Cushing's