63 results
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
gene mutated in all ... cells -> Mutagenic ... / Symptoms / Complications ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Iridodonesis

Physical examination revealed iridodonesis, or “dancing” of the iris, which was elicited by rapid movement of
which is described as ... movement, is a sign ... of ectopia lentis ... PhysicalExam #Video #Ophthalmology ... #Signs #Ocular
Acute Otitis Media: Complications
Infection and inflammation of the middle ear
 - Prolonged obstruction of e. tube
Otitis Media: Complications ... to mastoid air cells ... becomes more severe Signs ... #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
: - Catch-all term ... lesions may start as ... - Pathophysiology ... Ill-appearing, vital sign ... Targetoid #Algorithm #Differential
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Musculoskeletal Manifestations

 • Immune Complex Deposition
    - Arthralgia, Arthritis
• Myopathy (Also ... Musculoskeletal #Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Acute Rheumatic Fever: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Delayed autoimmune reaction
-> Molecular mimicry
-> GAS antigen cross-reacts with host
->
B and CD-4+ T cells ... RheumaticFever #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #complications
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
lumbar spine Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... • As soon as ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... conditions listed in differential
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Thrombocytosis: cells ... lyse as sample ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... potassium #high #pathophysiology
Humoral Immunity - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Antigens (Ag) are produced from pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)
(such as dendritic ... such as peptides ... Ags tagged with ... proliferate and differentiate ... Humoral #Immunity #pathophysiology