35 results
Leishmaniasis Life Cycle
1) Sandfly takes a blood meal (injects promastigote stage into the skin)
Human Stages:
2) Promastigotes
mononuclear phagocytic cells ... Amastigotes multiply in cells ... and infect other cells ... LifeCycle #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #infectiousdiseases
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells ... (LP) tumour B cells ... Responsive to Treatment ... growth, response to treatment ... Classification #pathophysiology
IDSA Recommendations for Preventing and Treating Penicillium marneffei Infections in HIV-AIDS
Preventing 1st Episode of Penicilliosis (Primary
CD4 count <100 cells ... CD4 count >100 cells ... decreases to <100 cells ... IDSA #Prevention #Treatment ... opportunistic #infections #HIVAIDS
Rigors And Bacteremia - Overview

• Rigors are a response to the release of cytokines and prostaglandins
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: ... Stimulate immune cells ... Rigors #Bacteremia #Pathophysiology ... #InfectiousDiseases
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... organ damage • Treatment ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... Lysis of tumor cells ... Low calcium • Treatment
IDSA Recommendations for Treating Isospora belli Infection in HIV-AIDS
Treating Isospora belli Infection
General Management Considerations:
 • Fluid
Treating Isospora belli ... Treating Isospora belli ... CD4 count >200 cells ... IDSA #Prevention #Treatment ... opportunistic #infections #HIVAIDS
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... Activation of CD8 T cells ... Phagocytosis of blood cells ... Unknown cause Treatment ... diagnosis #management #treatment
C.diff - Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Clinical Presentation + Progression:
Perforation) Pathophysiology ... despite appropriate treatment ... IDSA 2021 CDI Treatment ... diagnosis #management #treatment ... #infectiousdiseases
Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) and Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology
ICH Management:
1. Manage Blood Pressure
  •
Pressure (ICP) - Pathophysiology ... lidocaine, +/- pre-treatment ... water leaves brain cells ... Pressure #ICP #Pathophysiology
IDSA Recommendations for Treating Visceral and Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in HIV-AIDS
Treating Visceral Leishmaniasis - Preferred Therapy:
 •
CD4 count <200 cells ... Leishmaniasis #Prevention #Treatment ... opportunistic #infections #HIVAIDS