11 results
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
develop leukostasis syndrome ... - infiltrates (anemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Hematology #Oncology ... #Diagnosis
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Diagnosis: • ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... #diagnosis #workup ... #oncology #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
= funny-shaped cells ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... transformation to acute leukemia ... Allogeneic stem cell ... treatment #hematology #oncology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
- Differential Diagnosis ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Leukemia, Tumour ... ITP • SLE • CLL ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - Summary
Overview: 
 • Most common leukemia in adults
 • Disorder of
minimal tumor burden Diagnosis ... lymphocytes, smudge cells ... 5) Symptoms of anemia ... #oncology #hematology ... #hemeonc #diagnosis
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
count (anemia) ... Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ... Cell Leukemia ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #oncology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Constitutional Syndromes ... Constitutional Syndromes ... virus (EBV) • Leukemia ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
Lymphoma (HCV) • CLL ... (-) hemolytic anemia ... Thrombosis in vascular beds-renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Oncology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
e.g., uptake by cells ... the critically ill ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... - Compartment syndrome ... 30mmHg) - Severe anemia
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
Summary of Oncologic ... Usually myeloid leukemias ... “big & sticky” cells ... ± tocilizumab; call ... #HemeOnc #Diagnosis