18 results
Thyroid Goiter on Physical Exam

Mother and daughter both presenting with thyroid goiters caused by iodine deficiency.
thyroid goiters caused ... by iodine deficiency ... Thyroid #Goiter #PhysicalExam ... #iodine #deficiency ... #endocrinology
Erythroderma - Diagnostic Algorithm. Pathophysiology: 1) Extensive cutaneous capillary dilation, results in widespread exfoliation of the
Erythroderma - Diagnostic Algorithm ... Causes: 1) Exfoliative ... Histamine 4) Skin-homing ... Erythroderma #Nikolsky #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... deficiency, Salt-losing ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 • Congestive heart failure
 • Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... syndrome • Protein-losing ... Pulmonary #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Hepatology #causes
Causes of Ascites - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Portal Hypertension - Prehepatic:
 • Portal vein thrombosis
 • Splenic
Causes of Ascites ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Malnutrition • Protein-losing ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Hepatology #causes
Jugular Waveform Components 
 • a wave - due to atrial contraction: It occurs just before
• c wave - caused ... tricuspid valve closing ... the right atrium during ... y descent - is caused ... Waveforms #JVP #PhysicalExam
Seesaw nystagmus 
-> eye move in an opposed vertical fashion (one goes up while the other
(eye moving up intorts ... , eye moving down ... direction; the eye moving ... intorts, and the eye moving ... #eye #ocular #PhysicalExam
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
mutation in CYP21A2 coding ... enzyme 21-OHase causes ... pathophysiology #genetics #endocrinology
Management of Hyponatremia
Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125
Give
• Discuss with endocrinology ... about adding Tolvaptan ... SIADH — look for cause ... hourly • Identify Cause ... Hyponatremia #Management #algorithm
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
other potential causes ... optic nerve with crowding ... of the nerves coming ... the condition, case ... ophthalmology #physicalexam