23 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Algorithm Acidosis ... - Diarrhea pH Normal ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... High or Normal ... Malignancy • Normal ... Intoxication - High 1, ... #Workup #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
recessive salt-losing ... prevalence of 1- ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Pathophysiology #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... Volume Expanded 1° ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... consumption • Low/Normal ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... Volume Expanded - 1° ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... discrete buckets: 1. ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypokalemia - Hypomagnesemia ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Renal Imaging: - Normal ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Al, Normal R - ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... #nephrology #causes