21 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
R/O Pseudo-hyperkalemia:
 • Possible Lab error! Alwavs Repeat Blood sample!
 • Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis:
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Thrombocytosis: cells lyse as ... TTKG should be high ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... increase dose as ... patients sensitive to high ... #Binding #Hyperkalemia ... #pharmacology #table
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... complications such as ... urinary losses: • High ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology
Tinnitus - Objective (can be heard/auscultated) - 10% - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Vascular - Arterial:
 • Atherosclerosis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Venous: • AV ... Shunt • High ... #Tinnitus #Ringing ... #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... Compensation, Acute vs ... of High Anion Gap ... acetaminophen dosing ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Differential diagnosis on HRCT
Most of our knowledge about imaging findings in interstitial lung disease comes from
Differential diagnosis ... reticular, nodular, high ... low attenuation (table ... frequently presents as ... seen and in many cases