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diagnosis potassium low pathophysiology syndrome alkalosis bartter hypochloremia hyponatremia management metabolic urinary urine
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome • Urine Chloride • Urine Ca/Cr ratio Dr. Krithika
Algorithm for Differentiating ... Gitelman syndrome ... syndrome • Urine Chloride ... • Urine Ca/Cr ... #nephrology #hypokalemia
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
recessive salt-losing ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... H+ secretion → Hypokalemia ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
salt-losing tubulopathies ... thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... • Congenital chloride ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Bartter's syndrome, Gitelman's ... #Differential # ... #nephrology #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... the indicated causes ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology ... #Chloride
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... deficiency, Salt-losing ... #Causes #nephrology
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