18 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Syndrome Step ... /nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Algorithm #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... #Nephrotic #Syndromes ... Proteinuria #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... - Diagnostic of ... glomerular disease • Leukocytes ... ” - Necrotic tubular ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic ... sydnrome • Pigment ... #Urine #Microscopy ... interpretation #diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis ... tuberculosis Fatty - Nephrotic ... syndrome ("Maltese ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... cell/white cell casts ... urine sediment ... #syndrome #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
GN • Active Urine ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... anti-phospholipid syndrome ... glomerulopathy, radiation nephritis ... MPGN #nephrology #diagnosis
Loiasis - Loa loa Life Cycle
1) Fly (genus Chrysops) takes a meal (L3 larvae enter bite
spinal fluid, urine ... Loaloa #LifeCycle #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #infectiousdiseases ... #cdc #parasite
Schistosoma Life Cycle - Schistosomiasis
1) Eggs shed from infected human: in feces, in urine
2) Eggs hatch
: in feces, in urine ... Schistosomiasis #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #infectiousdiseases ... #cdc #parasite
Onchocerciasis - Onchocerca volvulus Life Cycle
1) Blackfly (genus Simulium) takes a blood meal (L3 larvae enter
peripheral blood, urine ... OnchocercaVolvulus #LifeCycle #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #infectiousdiseases ... #cdc #parasite