111 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
microscopy • Red cell casts ... • Leukocytes ... • White cell casts ... infection • Hyaline casts ... • Granular casts
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteinuria as a disease ... • Ketones • Leukocyte ... • Urinary casts ... dipstick #nitrite #leucocyte-esterase ... #urine #UNa #casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... - Casts Acellular ... Casts • Hyaline ... chronic kidney diseases ... #Urine #Microscopy
Step by Step Algorithmic Approach to Pediatric Fever

Age < 21 days old (or 28 days for
Approach to Pediatric Fever ... sensitivity) Leukocytes ... in the urine Procalcitonin ... Peds #Diagnosis #Management ... Algorithm #Infant #Fever
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... • Exercise • Fever ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... Minimal change disease ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Urinary Casts in the setting of renal disease
#Clinical #Nephro #Urine #Microscopy #Casts #Comparison #Chart #ATN #AIN
Urinary Casts in ... setting of renal disease ... Clinical #Nephro #Urine ... #Microscopy #Casts
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Glomerular #Diseases
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria: Red/Dark urine ... 1ml blood/liter urine ... basement membrane disease ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... of glomerular disease
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
“Step by Step” – the new kid on the block – aims to risk stratify this
an infant with fever ... >21 days - No leukocytes ... in urine - Procalcitonin ... #Diagnosis #Management ... Stratification #Fever