20 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... Proteinuria often ... but in severe cases ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient has hematuria ... and/or proteinuria ... (RBC casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Algorithm #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Diagnosis Framework ... syndrome: • ... : - RBC casts ... → Diagnostic of ... - Proteinuria
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
- ++++ Hematuria ... Red blood cell casts ... - ++ Hematuria ... Red blood cell casts ... Table #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... glomerular bleeding (proteinuria ... , RBC casts, dysmorphic ... Nephrology if cause ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
proteins, documenting proteinuria ... • Ketones • Leukocyte ... • Urinary casts ... #urine #UNa #casts ... #glucosuria #hematuria
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... blood cells on urine ... RBCs and/or RBC casts ... nephrotic range) proteinuria
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Diagnosis Turbid ... Hyperoxalirua, Heavy Proteinuria ... : • Hematuria, ... : • Hematuria,
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... cell/white cell casts ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... #nephrotic #syndrome