11 results
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Endocarditis ... • Trauma Mitral ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... , Infective endocarditis ... , Infective endocarditis ... muscle rupture, Left ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology
Severe Left Atrial Enlargement on Echocardiogram
Have you ever seen a left atrium this big!?!? 
LA diameter
Severe Left Atrial ... seen a left atrium ... diameter > 7 cm and ... #Severe #Cardiology ... Clinical #POCUS #A4C
Mitral Stenosis and Left Atrial Thrombus on Echocardiogram (a4c)

Mitral stenosis is a risk factor for LA
and Left Atrial ... Echocardiogram (a4c ... #Stenosis #Atrial ... #Thrombus #a4c ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... night sweats, fever ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... annular plane into left ... atrium. ... #Mitral #Regurgitation ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
(a4c) It belongs ... Mitral valve doesn ... ASD with R/L shunting ... #atrium #a4c #Echocardiogram ... #clinical #cardiology
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... night sweats, fever ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
heart failure • Mitral ... stenosis) • Severe mitral ... regurgitation ... Severe aortic regurgitation ... #Palpitations #Cardiology
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
displaced than the mitral ... cause of tricuspid regurgitation ... with an atrial ... Echocardiogram #cardiology ... #a4c