66 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... - Nephrotic syndrome ... - Acute and ... Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... • Decreased level ... ICU patients • Fever ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... - burns - fevers ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF • liver ... • nephrotic syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #Nephrology
Differential Diagnosis - Noninfectious Causes of Fever

CRITICAL DIAGNOSES:
 - Acute myocardial infarction
 - Pulmonary embolism or
Differential Diagnosis ... of Fever CRITICAL ... DIAGNOSES - Drug fever ... #Fever #Noninfectious ... #Causes #Differential
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Differential Diagnosis ... pneumonia • Acute ... infections • Acute ... Non-Infectious Causes ... #Patterns #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential # ... #sodium
Causes of Acute Onset Fever - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Viral:
 • Rhinovirus
 • Influenza Virus
 • Parainfluenza
Causes of Acute ... Onset Fever - Differential ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... disease • Drug fever ... #Fever #Acute
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Heart failure, liver ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #Differential # ... #nephrology