17 results
Lactulose: Mechanism of Action in Hepatic Encephalopathy
Lactulose → ↑ Lactic Acid, Acetic Acid → ↓ pH
Mechanism of Action in Hepatic ... #Lactulose #pharmacology ... mechanism #ammonia #hepatology ... #pathophysiology
Appearance of Liver Lesions on Various Imaging Modalities
 • Computed Tomography (CT) - Arterial Phase, Portal
Appearance of Liver ... Dysplastic nodule, Hepatic ... #Lesions #Hepatic ... diagnosis #comparison #table ... #appearance #hepatology
Summary of Coagulation Deficiencies
Inherited:
 • Hemophilia A - Deficiency of Factor VIII
 • Hemophilia B -
Medications - Heparin ... ) • Advanced Liver ... • Acute DIC - Septic ... Deficiencies #Summary #table ... comparison #diagnosis #hematology
Appearance of Liver Lesions on Computed Tomography (CT) - Arterial Phase, Portal Venous Phase and Delayed
Appearance of Liver ... Dysplastic nodule, Hepatic ... #Lesions #Hepatic ... diagnosis #comparison #table ... #appearance #hepatology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... explain symptoms • Fever ... transfusion • Pathophysiology ... Transfusion #Reactions #hematology ... diagnosis #comparison #table
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
protein C and S Pathophysiology ... dysfunction (25%) • Hepatic ... DIC • Severe Liver ... 100mg/dL) - Heparin ... treatment #management #hematology
(DOAC interactions) Cancer-treatment specific inducers (↑) and inhibitors (↓)
of cytochrome p450 CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein.

DOACs are substrates
#Chemotherapy #Oncology ... #Hematology #Interactions ... #Table #Pharmacology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... cholestasis → Cirrhosis/Liver ... or higher • Liver ... malignancies, Hepatic ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Syndrome, Ischemic Liver ... cardiac valves (septic ... Hyperhomocysteinemia - Heparin-induced ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology ... #hematology #differential
Nutrition in Cirrhosis: Dos and Don’ts
Screening:
 • Patients at risk for RFH-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool
 • Low
) • Advanced liver ... prevent or treat hepatic ... patients with liver ... diet #management #hepatology ... #pathophysiology