13 results
Lactulose: Mechanism of Action in Hepatic Encephalopathy
Lactulose → ↑ Lactic Acid, Acetic Acid → ↓ pH
: Mechanism of Action ... in Hepatic Encephalopathy ... #Lactulose #pharmacology ... mechanism #ammonia #hepatology ... #pathophysiology
Appearance of Liver Lesions on Various Imaging Modalities
 • Computed Tomography (CT) - Arterial Phase, Portal
Dysplastic nodule, Hepatic ... #Lesions #Hepatic ... POCUS #radiology #differential ... diagnosis #comparison #table ... #appearance #hepatology
Appearance of Liver Lesions on Computed Tomography (CT) - Arterial Phase, Portal Venous Phase and Delayed
Dysplastic nodule, Hepatic ... #Lesions #Hepatic ... CT #radiology #differential ... diagnosis #comparison #table ... #appearance #hepatology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
- Transfusion Reactions ... blood donor • Pathophysiology ... transfusion • Pathophysiology ... #hematology #diagnosis ... #comparison #table
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
Arterial Thrombosis - Differential ... Syndrome, Ischemic Liver ... Hyperhomocysteinemia - Heparin-induced ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology ... #hematology #differential
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... or higher • Liver ... bile ducts Differential ... malignancies, Hepatic ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... Cholesterol emboli • Septic ... • Drug reactions ... Vasculopathy #Purpura #Differential ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Appearance of Liver Lesions on Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound - Early arterial, Grayscale phase, Late arterial phase,
Dysplastic nodule, Hepatic ... #Lesions #Hepatic ... POCUS #radiology #differential ... diagnosis #comparison #table ... #appearance #hepatology
Appearance of Liver Lesions on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - T2, T1 precontrast, T1 portal venous,
Dysplastic nodule, Hepatic ... #Lesions #Hepatic ... MagneticResonance #radiology #differential ... diagnosis #comparison #table ... #appearance #hepatology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... Subacute-Acute: • Common: fever ... initiation • Differential ... diagnosis #management #hematology ... #oncology