30 results
diagnosis causes nephrology hypokalemia management potassium low hypercalcemia endocrinology pharmacology workup alkalosis chloride classification hypomagnesemia magnesium malignancy medications metabolic renal
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... diuretics, and ... thiazide-like diuretics ... Postobstructive diuresis ... #Causes #differential
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... - Osmotic diuresis ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency • Increased osmotic load (Increased
• Physiologic Diuresis ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... kidney disease, Loop ... Diuretics, Recovery ... phase of ATN, Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... starts by measuring urinary ... Clinicians should also look ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Urinary Chloride ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Medications #Table
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia Acute Hyperkalemia: - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Algorithm for Management ... sodium bicarbonate, Diuretics ... ) - Effective diuretic ... therapy (loop diuretics ... Acute #Chronic #treatment
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... excretion: • Urinary ... renal function) - Loop ... diuretic (often ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Hypomagnesemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... syndrome • Thiazide Diuretics
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