25 results
diagnosis differential nephrology hypokalemia potassium management treatment hypercalcemia hypomagnesemia magnesium renal rhabdomyolysis urine alkalosis associated chloride clinicopathology crrt diuresis diuretics
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Syndrome • HTN, High ... Aldosterone: Malignant ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinicians should also look ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... Hyperaldosteronism: malignant
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI Losses - Gastric • Vomiting • NG suction GI
Causes of Metabolic ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... • Malignant Hypertension ... #Causes
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath Aggressive IV hydration
Treatment algorithm ... Dialysis with low ... Volume Overload → Loop ... diuretic IV Bisphosphonate ... Calcitonin Refractory Cases
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... #Causes #Classification
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... Diuretics • Hypercalcemia-PTH ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... contracted • Loop ... diuretics / Bartter's ... syndrome • Thiazide diuretics
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Poor Intake - Starvation - Anorexia GI Losses - Vomiting / NG
Urinary Losses - Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
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