83 results
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... determine response to diuretic ... #hyperkalemia ... #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... • Unregulated Conversion ... Paget's Disease #Hypercalcemia
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency
 • Increased osmotic load (Increased
urine (usually low ... kidney disease, Loop ... phase of ATN, Hypercalcemia ... Increased intake (low ... /Inflammation: Urinary
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
inhibitors - Primary ... Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia ... Tubulointerstitial diseases - Urinary ... Ketoconazole Low ... Beta-Blockers #Hyperkalemia ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Treatment algorithm for malignancy-associated hypercalcemia.
Hypercalcemia
 - Renal Failure → Dialysis with low Ca++ bath
Aggressive IV hydration
malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia - ... Dialysis with low ... Volume Overload → Loop ... malignancy #associated #hypercalcemia
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... excretion: • Urinary ... renal function) - Loop ... diuretic (often ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... starts by measuring urinary ... Clinicians should also look ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
-> Uric Acid (low ... urinary excretion ... Allantoin (High urinary ... Urate Nephropathy (low ... • Hyperkalemia
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... or normal): • Primary ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Low PTH: • Elevated ... Thiazides/Lithium #Hypercalcemia