61 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... intake • Metabolic ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... - Normal/low ... pressure: Active diuretic
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... Diuretics (discontinued ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low PTH: • High ... PTHrP: - Low ... #Workup #nephrology
Ascites Management Principles
Low Salt Diet - 2000 Mg Sodium
Fluid Restriction - Never
Work-horse Diuretic - Aldosterone Antagonist
Combination
Management Principles Low ... Restriction - Never Work-horse ... Diuretic - Aldosterone ... Antagonist Combination Diuretics ... - Add-on Loop Diuretics
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... syndrome #Primary #Metabolic
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, jejunal loop ... , ileal loop ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Mg > 10g • Loop ... DiureticsHypercalcemia-PTH ... syndrome • Thiazide Diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... pressure: Active diuretic