55 results
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... determine response to diuretic ... #hyperkalemia ... #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... diuretics, and ... diuretic use), ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action
Diuretics
1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin
2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics)
3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide)
4)
- Diuretic Sites ... of Action Diuretics ... urearetics) 3) Loop ... #Diuretics #Sites ... #Action #nephrology
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia ... Acute Hyperkalemia ... sodium bicarbonate, Diuretics ... ) - Effective diuretic ... therapy (loop diuretics
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Discontinued diuretic ... MatthewHoMD #Hypokalemia ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause of hypokalemia ... Hypomagnesemia-induced hypokalemia ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... Cushing's syndrome #hypokalemia
Mechanism of Action of Diuretics
Amiloride, Triamterene, Spironolactone
Loop Diuretics
Thiazides
Acetazolamide

#Diuretics #Mechanism #Action #pharmacology #pathophysiology #nephrology
Mechanism of Action of Diuretics ... Spironolactone Loop ... Diuretics Thiazides ... Acetazolamide #Diuretics ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... - Hypokalemia ... - Osmotic diuresis ... Post-obstructive diuresis
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Thiazides diuretics ... diuretics: • ... #Pharmacology #nephrology ... #conversion #loop
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
associated with hypokalemia ... hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia ... foscarnet - Diuretics ... diuretics ... panitumumab) #Drugs #hypokalemia