67 results
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... determine response to diuretic ... #hyperkalemia ... #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... 90 minutes) • Sodium ... renal function) - Loop ... diuretic (often ... #nephrology
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... . mannitol) 3) Loop ... diuretic (e.g. ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... #pharmacology #nephrology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Metolazone Loop ... Piretanide Potassium ... as no effect on sodium ... #Pharmacology #nephrology ... #conversion #loop
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... Total loop diuretic ... intravenous; SGLT2‐I, sodium–glucose ... following a single loop ... #CHF #Algorithm
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... empagliflozin LOOP ... DIURETICS • Furosemide ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... summary #table #nephrology
Mechanisms of Loop Diuretic Action and Resistance. Panel A, loop diuretics circulate bound to protein. As
Mechanisms of Loop ... Diuretic Action ... Panel A, loop diuretics ... shown in Panel C, diuretics ... for binding to sodiumpotassium–chloride
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinicians should also look ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Emergency management of severe hyperkalemia

#hyperkalemia #management #algorithm #nephrology #Potassium #Treatment
management of severe hyperkalemia ... #hyperkalemia ... #management #algorithm ... #nephrology #Potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology