100 results
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... #hyperkalemia ... #kaliuresis #management ... #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Clinicians should also look ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... anhydrase inhibitors, loop ... syndrome (mimics loop ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... Total loop diuretic ... following a single loop ... #CHF #Algorithm ... HeartFailure #Cardiology #Management
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

#Hyperkalemia #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #PseudoHyperkalemia #Nephrology #Causes
Hyperkalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Hyperkalemia ... PseudoHyperkalemia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Metolazone Loop ... #Pharmacology #nephrology ... #conversion #loop ... #thiazide #classes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... and thiazide diuretics ... abnormalities - Hypercalcemia ... - Hypokalemia ... Classification #Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Ureterosigmoidostomy, jejunal loop ... , ileal loop ... Hypokalemia ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... #nephrology