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diagnosis algorithm hypokalemia management causes potassium aids associated balance chloride criticalcare disorder diuresis gitelman hand hiv hyperkalemia k metabolic metabolicalkalosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... anemia) • G-CSF ... intake (anorexia, dementia ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance: •
• Start with LOOP ... are short acting ... aldosterone states (CHF ... contraction metabolic alkalosis ... Early nephrologv
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... plasma insulin (treatment ... , nasogastric suction ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... • Normal/low ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI Losses - Gastric • Vomiting • NG suction GI
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Na delivery): CHF ... acidosis) • Low ... (IV loop diuretic ... acetazolamide) - IV loop ... #potassium #nephrology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) Definition: HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories: • Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment • Mild neurocognitive impairment • HIV dementia Pathophysiology: HIV frequently
Pathophysiology ... ARVs can have low ... : • Increased CSF ... fluid • Decrease ... #AIDS #Neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
• Normal or low ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
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