16 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... blood pressure: Active ... syndrome, Gitelman ... syndrome, Hypomagnesemia
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... plasma insulin (treatment ... , nasogastric suction ... anhydrase inhibitors, loop ... (mimics loop diuretic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... diuretic use, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... syndrome, Hypomagnesemia
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
vomiting/ nasogastric suction ... • Thiazide or loop ... diuretics after ... renal tubule diuretic ... • Thiazide or loop
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance
Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance:
 •
Diuresis in Critical ... • Start with LOOP ... are short acting ... aldosterone states (CHF ... contraction metabolic alkalosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... anemia) • G-CSF ... • Refeeding syndrome ... GI losses (NG suction ... • Discontinued diuretic
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... disequilibrium syndrome ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... the Nonspecific Cation ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Vomiting • NG suction ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... (loop/thiazide) ... Licorice • Liddle's Syndrome
Heart Failure (HFrEF) Treatment - GDMT for stage C 

For patients with Heart Failure with REDUCED
Failure (HFrEF) Treatment ... edema then add on loop ... diuretics. ... /ambcarerx #CHF ... Pharmacology #Management #Treatment
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Na delivery): CHF ... (IV loop diuretic ... acetazolamide) - IV loop ... Exchanges K+ for cations ... (10g PO tid) - caution