17 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... blood pressure: Active ... diuretic use, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman
Mechanisms of Loop Diuretic Action and Resistance. Panel A, loop diuretics circulate bound to protein. As
Diuretic Action ... Panel A, loop diuretics ... shown in Panel C, diuretics ... step can mediate diuretic ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... plasma insulin (treatment ... diuretics, and ... Postobstructive diuresis ... (mimics loop diuretic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Remote use of loop ... or thiazide diuretics ... blood pressure: Active ... diuretic use, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ... Vomiting • NG suction ... fibrosis • Remote diuretic ... resistant: • Current diuretic ... , Gitelman's Syndrome
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
vomiting/ nasogastric suction ... • Thiazide or loop ... diuretics after ... renal tubule diuretic ... diuretics actively
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance
Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance:
 •
Diuresis in Critical ... • Start with LOOP ... DIURETICS which ... are short acting ... aldosterone states (CHF
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Diuretics) (Bumetanide ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... anemia) • G-CSF ... • Refeeding syndrome ... GI losses (NG suction ... • Discontinued diuretic
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
G-K), K-sparing diuretics ... improve GFR - Diuresis ... hypertonic Amp IVP • Diuretics ... (IV loop diuretic ... diuretic (lasix