16 results
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
plasma insulin (treatment ... diuretics, and ... thiazide-like diuretics ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #differential #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... G-K), K-sparing diuretics ... (IV loop diuretic ... diuretic (lasix ... #Diagnosis #Management
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Non-reabsorbable anion ... High Urine Cl - Loop ... diuretics, Thiazide ... diuretics, Mg2+ ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
- Differential Diagnosis ... Vomiting • NG suction ... contracted • Loop ... diuretics / Bartter's ... syndrome • Thiazide diuretics
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Management ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Loop diuretics for ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
with thiazide diuretic ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Surreptitious diuretic ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
syndrome • Triggers: Diuretics ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Management ... Loop diuretics for ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Management #causes
Hyperkalemia Management
Pseudohyperkalemia: 1. Hemolyzed sample 2. Blood drawn from a site/line where potassium or TPN is
Hyperkalemia Management ... excretion via a loop ... diuretic (give ... or dialysis • SLOW ... #Management #treatment