6 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... can be high or low ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
, Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Hypothyroidism Hypertonic ... Differential #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Unknown nature & benign ... females Differential Diagnosis ... dissociation • Other causes ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Use gtt, NOT hypertonic ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... asymmetry and hypotonia ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #comatose ... #diagnosis