10 results
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... Hyperphosphatemia, Acute ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #calcium
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... paraproteinemia, acute ... Antacids, Phosphorus binders ... • Normal or Low ... #phosphate #nephrology
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
Used Phosphate Binders ... Inexpensive - Treats hypocalcemia ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Table #Comparison ... #Pharmacology #Nephrology
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Acute Hyperkalemia ... : - IV calcium ... in 4 mL) - IV sodium ... - Consider K+ binders ... Chronic #treatment #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Appropriately Low ... Antacids, Phosphate Binders ... , Acute Respiratory ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #phosphorus #workup
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Pulm: Hypoxia, dyspnea ... - ACS, AKI, acute ... , Elevated Cr, Low ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... phos binders
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine, calcium-creatinine ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
can be high or low ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Compartment syndrome ... fluid/Lactated ringers ... potassium and calcium ... per day until stable ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatments: • Calcium ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology