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diagnosis differential algorithm hypophosphatemia management acid base bloodgas causes disorders diuresis diuretics excretion framework gas gitelman hyperkalemia hypernatremia hypertension hypokalemia
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 2.
Acute or chronic ... Compensation, Acute ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... paraproteinemia, acute ... resp. alkalosis ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion: • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Appropriately Low ... , Acute Respiratory ... Alkalosis, Tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #phosphorus #workup
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Sodium loss (diuretics ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis Approach (when evaluation should be done): 1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... with previously stable ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... • Normal or low ... , Renal tubular ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... Torsemide) • Acute ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... (Assess GFR), ±VBG ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
#ICUCard RENAL GFR 90-131 mL/min ((140-age)*Wt)/(72*Cr) Glomerular Filtration Rate (Cockcroft) CI Cr 90-131 mL/min (CrU * volume)/CrS Creatinine Clearance FENa 0.0-1.0 % ((U/P Na)/(U/P Cr))*100 Fractional Excretion of Na+ Na req mEq (125-Na)*0.6*Wt Required Sodium FE Urea
#ICUCard RENAL ... 0.6*Wt Required Sodium ... (Na U(U/P Cr) Renal ... 2)| Metabolic Alkalosis ... Distress Syndrome
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