23 results
diagnosis differential causes algorithm management hyperkalemia hypokalemia blood hematology hyponatremia hypophosphatemia metabolic pharmacology product reactions treatment workup acidosis aki alkalosis
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
potassium excretion ... • Acute renal ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Urea/uric acid excretion ... Acid → SIADH - High ... Uric Acid → renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
paraproteinemia, acute ... Urine Fractional Excretion ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... • Normal or High ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion: • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Appropriately Low ... Kidney Phosphate Excretion ... , Acute Respiratory ... Inappropriately High ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones Acute Managment: • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids • Facilitating passage of stone:
Kidney Stones Acute ... protein - Low ... sodium diet ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... Management #Pediatrics #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
phlebotomy High ... • Trauma/Crush injury ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Excretion: • ... #high #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Sodium loss (diuretics ... diuresis can be high ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
after starvation, Acute ... steatorrhea) • Renal ... osmotic diuresis, Potassium ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
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