47 results
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Uric Acid - Low ... High Uric Acid → renal ... salt wasting By ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
and Screening Testing ... disease - Renal ... of renal disease ... Oral sodium loading ... #Workup #table
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Na <20: Extra-renal ... Cerebral salt wasting ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... Hyponatremia #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #nephrology #sodium
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... mimics, repeat testing ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Mg wasting syndromes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
and Workup Blood ... renal Mg++ wasting ... dominant kidney disease ... kidneys Genetic Testing ... #Workup #nephrology
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
- Differential Diagnosis ... Insensible losses Sodium ... diseases (e.g. ... renal amyloidosis ... #Table #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Cerebral salt wasting ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... #Table #Causes ... #Sodium