9 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Sodium loss (diuretics ... can be high or low ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
oxidative injury Treatment ... Treatment of underlying ... disease 2. ... per day until stable ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... #potassium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... Treatment: Treatment ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... Inhibitors of Renal ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
antibody that works ... Person Syndrome Treatment ... Baclofen • Severe Disease ... others (botox, sodium ... #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... • Autoimmune disease ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
advanced liver disease ... perfusion + ↑ renal ... • Urine sodium ... Treatment Overview ... Syndrome #Hepatology #Nephrology