7 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... Familial renal Mg wasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
Inexpensive - Treats hypocalcemia ... increased risk of low ... Phosphate #Binders #Table ... #Comparison #Pharmacology ... #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Slow - don’t delay ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
can be high or low ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Digoxin Pharmacology and Pathophysiology
1) Na/K ATPase Pump - Digoxin works by directly binding to and inhibiting
Digoxin Pharmacology ... and Pathophysiology ... Pump - Digoxin works ... - Hyperkalemia ( ... (or low potassium
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Inherited (AR) hypokalemic ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... renal potassium wasting ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
The crusade against “Ab”Normal Saline continues.  This is a non-physiologic fluid that can harm our
ECF and ICF both work ... , the ICF must now ... the ECF causes Hyperkalemia ... patients we are all treating ... diagnosis #treatment #pharmacology