31 results
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
CMV infection: virus ... regardless of symptoms ... Diagnosis: Quantitative ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... #diagnosis #differential
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Imaging: - MRI ... #differential # ... diagnosis #AIDS
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... Compatible syndrome + MRI ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
conjunction with symptoms ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology ... noninflammatory #differential ... #diagnosis
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
cord compression (MRI ... change on spinal MRI ... Gadolinium-enhanced MRI ... out • Brain MRI ... #differential
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs/symptoms ... is required for diagnosis ... heart valves • MRI ... often seen • MRI ... large infarct - Infectious
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... /Sepsis/Shock, Autoimmune ... Neurological symptoms ... Reversible course Differential ... Infection, Electrolyte
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
• Depressive symptoms ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... Diagnosis: • ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
Shock Overview ... Inflammatory: infectious ... O2 delivery • MI ... Classification #diagnosis ... #criticalcare #differential