26 results
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Exogenous (KCL ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology # ... #medications #druginduced
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... and iron release Diagnosis ... endpoint of all-cause ... #management #cardiology
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
> MCL), brachial ... fracture • ED Management ... #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Management #Orthopedics ... #Sports #MSK
RADIAL HEAD FRACTURE 
Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fracture in adults and are
> MCL), coronoid ... fracture • ED Management ... Fracture #Elbow #Radiology ... #XRay #Diagnosis ... #MSK
Medial Meniscus Bucket Handle Tear - MSK Radiology
Imaging Findings:
 • Truncation of the medial meniscus on
Handle Tear - MSK ... Radiology Imaging ... Case description ... Differential diagnosis ... #diagnosis #msk
Iron Deficiency in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Iron deficiency (ID) in heart failure is a common comorbidity
Exercise capacity Diagnosis ... Ferritin < 100 ng/mL ... #Failure #CHF #pharmacology ... #pathophysiology ... #cardiology
Monteggia Fracture 
Fracture of proximal ulnar shaft with radial head dislocation. Remember “MUGR” to recall where
ligamentous injury (LCL ... ) • ED Management ... Forearm #Ulnar #Radiology ... #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Proximal #MSK
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... Ferritin >1000 ng/ml ... sIL-2R >2400 Ul/ml ... Drugs, Unknown cause ... #management #treatment
Mallet Finger
Absence of a fracture does NOT exclude Mallet finger, the extension function of the DIP
Finger deformity caused ... Mallet #Finger #Radiology ... #XRay #Diagnosis ... #Management #Hand ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... and Management ... survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... anterior/posterior MSK ... #Management #Signs