12 results
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... d-Penicillamine, ascorbic acid ... #Management #Pediatrics ... #nephrology #nephrolithiasis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
hematuria • Signs ... Hematuria: • Stone ... Cystitis • Bladder stones ... #causes #urology ... #nephrology #renal
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... gas transport, renal ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... #nephrology #causes
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urine Na/K/Cl ... - CPK, uric acid ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... of Kidney Stones ... type A/B • Uric Acid ... #pediatrics #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... (AG) = {Na - (Cl ... - Differential Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... insipidus • Kidney stones ... caused by Ca2+ ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology
Management of Convulsive Status Epilepticus in children
Stabilization Phase (Seizure 0-5 minutes):
 • Check and maintain ABC
Management of Convulsive ... Consider CBC, renal ... • IV Valproic acid ... Epilepticus #seizure #Management ... #neurology #pediatrics