8 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... lumbar spine • MCC ... - Emergency Causes ... #differential # ... #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Conditions: • Cauda ... Equina Syndrome ... dysfunction, and bilateral ... Commonly caused ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... Young females Differential ... abnormal extraocular movements ... dissociation • Other causes ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
involved - Bilateral ... (more commonly bilateral ... involvement Cauda ... #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... • Locked-in syndrome ... dysfunction to the bilateral ... Casey Albin MD @ ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia is usually caused ... Then, ask 3 questions ... demyelination syndrome ... in 100 mL boluses ... Treatment #management #nephrology
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
fasciculus), which causes ... (no horizontal movement ... The most common causes ... diagnosed with MS ... #PhysicalExam #
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... Tract Lesions: • Bilateral ... Lower roots -> Cauda ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome