79 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... R - Cushing's syndrome ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Diuretics, Bartter's syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
transporter Bartter syndrome ... limb Gitelman syndrome ... tubule Liddle syndrome ... deficiency Nephrogenic syndrome ... #Differential #
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome
Hyperviscosity Syndrome - Causes and Treatment

 - Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (most common) / Plasmapheresis 
 - Multiple
Hyperviscosity Syndrome ... Hyperviscosity #Syndrome ... #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Treatment ... #Management
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... K-ATPase which imports ... - Refeeding Syndrome ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome ... Purple #Urine #Bag #Syndrome ... #clinical #photo ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Urinary Chloride • Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... - Loss of Cl ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome
Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Injury: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Classification of PCL Iniuries
 • Partial: Translation <
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... structures, such as the ACL ... #Injury #MSK #Sports ... #pathophysiology ... classification #diagnosis
Eosinophilia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Idiopathic Eosinophilia
Primary Eosinophilia:
 • Primary hypereosinophilic syndrome
 • Eosinophilic Leukemia
 • MPN/MDS
hypereosinophilic syndrome ... Hyper-lgE (Job) syndrome ... ), Heme malig (AML ... ABPA), Gleich syndrome ... Infectious: Loeffler syndrome