87 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... Normotensive: • UCl ... Post-hypercapnia • UCl ... #Hypokalemia #Differential
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
- Na-K-2Cl cotransporter ... , K channel, Cl ... barrtin (recruits Cl ... Thiazide-sensitive Na—Cl ... Nephrology #Diagnosis #Differential
Tetralogy of Fallot Summary
 • Anatomy
 • Incidence
 • Pathophysiology
 • Presentation
 • Common Variants
 •
Tetralogy of Fallot Summary ... • Incidence • Pathophysiology ... Associated Genetic Syndromes ... palliation • Post-Op Management ... Fallot #diagnosis #management
Posterior Elbow Dislocation
The elbow is the second most commonly dislocated major joint in adults and the
Here’s a quick summary ... ligamentous injury (LCL ... > MCL), brachial ... fracture • ED Management ... #Orthopedics #Sports
Rheumatoid Arthritis Summary
MCP and PIP Involvement, Spares DIP, Carpal Tunnel, Sicca Syndrome, Epi/Scleritis, Heart Disease, Rheumatoid
Rheumatoid Arthritis Summary ... MCP and PIP Involvement ... , Spares DIP, Carpal ... Tunnel, Sicca Syndrome ... Instability, Felty's Syndrome
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE ... • Exogenous (KCL ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl ... NGT suction, Low Cl ... • High Urine Cl ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Injury: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Classification of PCL Iniuries
 • Partial: Translation <
Cruciate Ligament (PCL ... Some sort of end ... structures, such as the ACL ... #Injury #MSK #Sports ... #pathophysiology
Hyperviscosity Syndrome - Causes and Treatment

 - Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (most common) / Plasmapheresis 
 - Multiple
Hyperviscosity Syndrome ... transformation (CML ... hyperleukocytosis (AML ... #Causes #Differential ... Diagnosis #Treatment #Management