96 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #causes #urinary
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... depletion syndromes ... - Gitelman syndrome ... • Liddle syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... alkalosisKidney ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diuretics, Bartter Syndrome ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... #Nephrology #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Diuretics, Bartter Syndrome ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... BP = Bartter's Syndrome ... , Gitelman's Syndrome ... #Alkalosis #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Aldosterone: Liddle's Syndrome ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #Algorithm #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... ↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... alkalosis - Fistulas ... unloading • Kidney ... may cause metabolic ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
alkalosis, Ketonuria ... Cerebral salt wasting syndrome ... Stress, Drugs, Syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology