116 results
Intrinsic Renal Disease - Differential Diagnosis
Vascular:
 • Macrovascular: Renal artery occlusion, Fibromuscular disease
 • Microvascular: TTP/HUS,
, Amyloidosis, MPGN ... • Nephritic: RPGN ... , IgA, Alport, MPGN
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Glomerulonephritis (MPGN ... Complement-Mediated MGPN ... , CFHR5 neph) MPGN ... anti-phospholipid syndrome ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
Glomerulonephritis (RPGN ... ) RPGN has three ... Complement: Post-strep GN ... StanfordChiefs #RPGN
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
Glomerulonephritis (RPGN ... post-infectious GN ... Glomerulonephritis #RPGN
Acanthocyte on Urine Microscopy

Not a spaceship, not a UFO, just an acanthocyte caught “flying” in dark
presentation of RPGN
Cryoglobulinemia Classification Types

Type 1: Monoclonal IgM (rarely IgG/lgA)
 • Raynaud phenomenon, Digital ulcers/gangrene, Livedo reticularis, Hyperviscosity
Liver, kidney (MPGN
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
basement membrane; GN ... hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... atypical HUS; MPGN ... proteinuria #nephrotic #syndrome
Recurrent / Breakthrough DVT During Anticoagulation

Subtherapeutic Anticoagulation
Hypercoagulable State 
 - Antithrombin deficiency 
 - Hypercoagulability ot
- APLS - MPN ... - May-Thurner syndrome
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN syndromes) 

MEN I
• Hyperparathyroidism 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Possible ZE syndrome 
• Various
Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN ... syndromes) ... • Possible ZE syndrome ... • Cushing syndrome ... Galactorrhea MEN
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
Post-infectious GN ... Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome ... Nephrotic syndrome ... • Membranous GN ... • Amyloid RPGN