587 results
Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) - Guideline Directed Medical Therapy - Initiation Strategies

 •
Beta-Blocker → MRA ... Inhibitor → ARNI →MRA
Pharmacology of diuretics

Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics, Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA, Amiloride

Site of Action, Maximum Dose, Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability,
Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA
Guidelines Directed medical therapy for Heart Failure 

Satyendra Dhar, MD, @DharSaty

#HFrEF #GDMT #sodium-glucosecotransporter-2inhibitors #SGLT2i #reninangiotensinaldosteronesysteminhibitors
#Carvedilol #MRA
Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) - Guideline Directed Medical Therapy
 • Beta-blocker
 • ACE,
ARB, ARNI • MRA
LUMBAR Syndrome

What do you call a segmental lumbosacral hemangioma + spinal problems?? LUMBAR syndrome, a fairly
pathogenesis • MRI ... spine + MRI/MRA
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Doppler ultrasound; MRA ... CT or MRI scan of
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics (thiazides)
 - Gout
 - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
receptor antagonists (MRA
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Vascular narrowing on MRA ... Anterior circulation: MCA
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
hyperaldosteronism • High PRA ... Renin-secreting tumor • Low PRA ... Adenoma, BAH, AME, GRA ... Liddle syndrome PRA ... mineralocorticoid excess; GRA
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
ancestry, LGE on MRI ... ARB/ACE-I/ARNI/MRA