15 results
Ipilimumab-Induced Hypophysitis. 
Pituitary gland enlargement occurs on therapy & resolves after therapy.
 - Ipilimumab is a
#Hypophysitis #MRIBrain
Mechanical Ventilation in Intra-Abdominal Hypertension (IAH)

How to set the ventilator right.

- Dr. Manu Malbrain @Manu_Malbrain

#Mechanical #Ventilation
Manu Malbrain @Manu_Malbrain
Convergence Retraction Nystagmus with a left 6th nerve palsy

Caused by a Midbrain hemorrhage

Dr. Boby Varkey Maramattom
Caused by a Midbrain
Argyll-Robertson Pupil on Physical Exam
Small (myotic), irregular pupil that do not react to light but do
periaqueductal grey of the midbrain
Pupils: Localization in Coma
 • Small, Reactive pupils: Metabolic coma.
 • Unilateral Fixed, dilated pupil :
fixed pupils: Midbrain
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
• Dorsal midbrain
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Alcohol) Dorsal Midbrain
Causes of Tremors - Movement Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Action Tremor - Occurs During Voluntary Muscle
Parkinson's Disease • Midbrain
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
at the retina, midbrain
Addictions: Pathogenesis

Mesolimbic Dopaminergic Pathway:
 • Dopaminergic neurons in Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) in midbrain under continuous
Area (VTA) in midbrain