11 results
diagnosis causes potassium metabolic acidosis alkalosis aniongap chloride diuretics endocrinology framework gout hyperuricemia hypokalemia hypophosphatemia low medications nagma nonaniongap nongap
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
excretion • Acute ... • Chronic renal ... Potassium-rich diet • Blood ... #nephrology #potassium ... #differential
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Primary - Over-production • Increased turnover of nucleotides Primary
Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Under-excretion ... Drug-induced • High ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... Cyclosporine • Diuretics
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Excretion Carbonic ... irrigation • Management ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... #Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Urine Fractional Excretion ... Malabsorption, Chronic ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... PTH: Primary or ... Inh., Osmotic diuresis
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • K sparing diuretics ... Excretion: • ... Addison’s disease ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • K sparing diuretics ... Excretion: • ... Addison’s disease ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
kidney disease ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... ketosis with ketone excretion ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... losses: • High ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup NAGMA - Chem, ABG or VBG - Calculate Anion
Framework and Workup ... pH Calculate Urinary ... normal Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... Surgical drains - Chronic ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... • Normal/low blood ... pressure: Active diuretic ... #nephrology #differential
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