11 results
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... excretion • Acute ... • Chronic renal ... #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #differential
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Drug-induced • High ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... Cyclosporine • Diuretics ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Excretion Carbonic ... irrigation • Management ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... #Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
normal Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... Surgical drains - Chronic ... rav7ks #Normal #NonAnionGap ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Urine Fractional Excretion ... Malabsorption, Chronic ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... PTH: Primary or ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • K sparing diuretics ... Excretion: • ... Addison’s disease ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... • K sparing diuretics ... Excretion: • ... Addison’s disease ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
kidney disease ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... ketosis with ketone excretion ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... losses: • High ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... • Normal/low blood ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis