201 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Findings Causes ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential #Causes ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Nephrotic Syndrome - Primary vs Secodary - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

#Nephrotic #Syndrome #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Primary #Secondary
Nephrotic Syndrome ... - Differential Diagnosis ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Primary #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Causes
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... RBC casts in urine ... May be 10 (eg direct ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
There are two patterns of T-wave abnormality in Wellens’ syndrome:
-Type A = Biphasic, with initial positivity
abnormality in Wellens’ syndrome ... inverted (75% of cases ... ) #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #ECG #EKG #Wellens ... #Syndrome #TypeA
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis - Gap and Non-Gap - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Elevated Anion Gap
Causes of Metabolic ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... AnionGap #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Pre-Hepatic ... Sepsis • Drugs (e.g ... Dilatation on Ultrasound ... #Algorithm #Causes
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... polyangiitis (MPA ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Wellen's Syndrome 
Type A - Biphasic T wave 
Type B - Deeply inverted T wave
Wellen's Syndrome ... coronary artery • May ... Classification #Types #Cardiology ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Diagnosis