19 results
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
Physical Exam ... sensitivity to cold ... the ankle jerk reflex ... a deep-tendon reflex ... Hypothyroidism #Ankle #Reflexes
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam - Hi-Res .mp4 version here: https://www.grepmed.com/images/13248

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and
Woltman’s sign on ... Physical Exam - ... sensitivity to cold ... the ankle jerk reflex ... a deep-tendon reflex
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... constipation Differential ... Diagnosis: • Spinal cord ... Diastematomyelia Physical Exam ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Causes of Urinary ... Incontinence - Differential ... neuropathy or spinal cord ... disease, cauda ... #Incontinence #Differential
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Causes of Hyporeflexia ... , Acute spinal cord ... finding in spinal cord ... #differential #
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... involved) - Tendon reflex ... in deep tendon reflexes ... involvement Cauda ... syndromes #lesions #differential
Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diet/Lifestyle
 • Fibre
 • Calories
 • Fluid
 • Exercise
 • Psychosocial
Medications
 •
Constipation - Differential ... Disease • Spinal Cord ... / SacraI / Cauda ... #Constipation #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... Lower roots -> Cauda ... Causes: 1. ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... diagnosis #neurology #differential
Stool Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Affected Pelvic Floor 
 - Trauma/Surgery
   • Surgery: Anorectal,
Incontinence - Differential ... Brain, Spinal Cord ... , Cauda Equina) ... #Incontinence #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
Pain (Otalgia) - Differential ... Gastroesophageal reflux ... gastroesophageal reflux ... loss Physical Exam ... examination • Oral exam