15 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... Differential Diagnosis ... Diastematomyelia Physical Exam ... #diagnosis #causes
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... of normal leg reflexes ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (SIS): Signs and Symptoms

Repetitive Overhead Activity, Scapular Dyskinesis -> Scapulohumeral mechanics become altered
Signs and Symptoms ... + Painful arc ... #SIS #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #pathophysiology
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... in HIV • Lung Exam ... Constitutional symptoms ... Rhodococcus Equi
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Lower motor neuron symptoms ... Upper motor neuron symptoms ... in deep tendon reflexes ... involvement Cauda Equina ... #differential #diagnosis
Most episodes of chronic cough in adults are caused by upper airway cough syndrome (UACS, also
syndrome (UACS, ... gastroesophageal reflux ... percent of patients, and ... until symptoms ... #Diagnosis #PrimaryCare
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
Note: Eye exam ... should reveal normal ... - pupillary reflex ... If any are abnormal ... #signs #symptoms
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... roots -> Cauda equina ... Blood Supply: - AVM ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis ... are not caused ... at the time of diagnosis ... Pulmonary: dyspnea, cough ... anterior/posterior MSK
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
- Differential Diagnosis ... Temporal arteritis should ... symptoms: headache ... • Associated symptoms ... loss Physical Exam