15 results
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
Acute-on-Chronic ... those with CLD (± cirrhosis ... months without treatment ... Circulation Failure Kidney ... Injury (DILI)
Indications for Albumin for Management of Cirrhosis
 • Large volume paracentesis (>5 liter) - 8g per
Management of Cirrhosis ... ascites removed • Acute ... kidney injury ( ... Indications #Management #Cirrhosis ... #treatment #hepatology
Clinical manifestations of acute liver failure 

Brain: 
Hepatic encephalopathy,  
Cerebral edema,  
Intracranial hypertension,
liver failure ... Seizures Kidney ... Subclinical myocardial injury ... lung injury, ... #Signs #Symptoms
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Acute Liver Injury ... Liver Injury: ... Liver Injury: ... Liver Injury: ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
injury < 26 weeks ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... cardiac muscle, RBC, Kidney ... Cardiac muscle, Kidneys ... trimester placenta, kidneys
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... cirrhosis, chronic ... cirrhosis, and ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) - Stepwise Diagnosis Algorithm
DILI suspicion
Features toxic aetiology: Skin involvement, Kidney injury,
Injury (DILI) - ... Skin involvement, Kidney ... injury, Previous ... non-essential drug/HDS treatments ... dechallenge • Acute
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
Family history of cirrhosis ... or fibrosis • Cirrhosis ... injury (INR > 2 ... > 3 mg/dL) or acute ... liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Management Principles
Prerenal - Correct hemodynamic derangements:
 • If low preload →
Acute Kidney Injury ... Treat underlying liver ... → No specific treatment ... #Kidney #Injury ... #treatment #management
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
cycle found in the liver ... gastrointestinal distress and acute ... kidney injury are ... also includes symptoms